Question 1

Why does a Slovak company renting real estate in Spain need a digital certificate (Certificado Digital FNMT)?

Accepted Answer

The Spanish tax system requires every legal entity owning or renting property to communicate with the Spanish Tax Agency (Agencia Tributaria – AEAT) exclusively online. To file tax returns (e.g., Modelo 210 non-resident income tax, VAT/IVA, or tourist tax returns), a digital representative certificate (Certificado Digital de Representante de Persona Jurídica) is mandatory. Without it, tax obligations cannot be met, which leads to heavy sanctions.

Question 2

What are the overall requirements to obtain a digital certificate in Spain and what does Legalization Center provide?

Accepted Answer

The full requirements from Spanish authorities (FNMT / AEAT) comprise: 1. Director's NIE – Spanish Foreigner Identification Number (NIE – Número de Identificación de Extranjero) and passport or national ID card, 2. Spanish company NIF (issued by AEAT), 3. Commercial Register extract under 30 days old with Apostille and sworn translation into Spanish, 4. Selfie photo of the director holding their ID under their chin. Legalization Center takes care of the Commercial Register extract turnkey – we procure it at a notary, obtain the international Apostille, and prepare the sworn Spanish translation with tricolor ribbon binding for 140 EUR incl. VAT and fees (+ translation).

Question 3

What is the Spanish NIE number and why is it required for the director?

Accepted Answer

NIE (Número de Identificación de Extranjero) is the Spanish foreigner identification and tax number assigned to non-Spanish citizens. Spanish authorities and the FNMT certification authority require that the statutory director of the Slovak company holds a valid NIE, because the company representative digital certificate (Certificado Digital de Representante de Persona Jurídica) is issued directly linked to the director's personal NIE and the company's Spanish NIF.

Question 4

Why must the Commercial Register extract not be older than 30 days?

Accepted Answer

The Spanish Royal Mint and certification authority FNMT (Fábrica Nacional de Moneda y Timbre) strictly insists for foreign legal entities that the commercial register extract must not be older than 30 calendar days at the time of application verification. If the extract is older, the certificate will not be issued. We procure the extract at a precisely scheduled date so that it is completely fresh upon submission.

Question 5

Do I have to obtain the Commercial Register extract myself or is sending the company ID enough?

Accepted Answer

You do not need to go anywhere or obtain anything yourself. Simply send us your company ID (IČO) and business name. Legalization Center procures the official extract from the Commercial Register at a notary, secures the Apostille certificate, and provides the sworn translation into Spanish. The total package price is 140 EUR incl. VAT and notary fees (+ 35 € / standard page for translation).

Question 6

Must I also verify the requirements for the digital certificate with my tax advisor in Spain?

Accepted Answer

Yes, definitely. Spanish regulations, procedural guidelines of the FNMT certification authority, and Tax Agency (AEAT) practices can evolve over time and across autonomous communities. The client must always verify the current requirements for obtaining the digital certificate, necessary supporting attachments, and precise tax filing steps directly with their licensed tax advisor (gestor / asesor fiscal) in Spain. Legalization Center guarantees the express and flawless provision of the fresh Commercial Register extract, Hague Apostille certificate, and sworn Spanish translation.